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Page Title: Matters in Extenuation and Mitigation
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Previous Convictions The TC presents evidence of admissible previous convictions, if any, and this information is included in the record of trial. Matters in Extenuation and Mitigation The ruling officer advises the accused that he or she  may  present  any  matters  he  or  she  desires  in mitigation  or  extenuation,  including  unsworn statements. If  any  matters  are  presented,  transcribe them into the record in chronological order in which presented. If  testimony  is  presented,  the  same procedures  are  used  as  when  testimony  is  taken  from other  witnesses. Sentence Before   closing   the   court,   the   ruling   officer instructs the court on the maximum sentence that may be  adjudged.    The record must reflect that this was done.  The  ruling  officer  also  instructs  the  court  on any  matters  presented  in  extenuation  and  mitigation. It is recommended that these instructions be set forth verbatim. You  must  set  forth  the  sentence  verbatim  as announced in court. Again, before announcing the sentence, as before announcing findings, the ruling officer  may  state  that  all  manuals  and  legal  authorities were removed from the closed session of the court. The addition of an entry to this effect should be made if such a statement is made by the ruling officer. Recess or Adjournment Use standard stock entries (SSEs) in the record for   recording   recesses   or   adjournment,   or   for accounting  for  parties  to  the  trial.  The  entry  you should use for this latter purpose is as follows: All parties to the trial who were present when the court recessed are again present in court. If a member fails to return from a recess of the court, the reason must be shown. After arraignment, a member  may  be  excused  by  the  CA  only  for  good cause. Use an SSE for recording closings and openings of  the  court. No  entry  to  show  an  accounting  of parties to the trial need be made on opening the court except when necessary to show the absence of a party after  the  court  was  in  closed  session. Again, the reason  must  be  shown  for  a  member’s  absence. Authentication A summarized record is authenticated in the same manner as a verbatim record. Appendix  13  of  the MCM contains further information on the preparation of summarized records of trial and you should refer to it when preparing a summarized record of trial. RECORDING CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS What is contempt of court? It is defined as any willful   disregard   of   the   authority   of   a   court   or disobedience  of  its  order.  Article  48,  UCMJ,  gives courts-martial the power to punish for the following contemptuous  acts: menacing  words,  signs,  or gestures,  and  any  disturbance  of  the  court’s proceedings  by  riot  or  disorder.  These  acts  must occur  in  the  preserve  of  the  court  to  be  punished under  Article  48,  UCMJ.  Any  person,  whether subject to the UCMJ or not (with the execption of the ruling officer or members of the court), including the accused,  TC,  DC,  reporter,  witnesses,  spectators,  and even the CA may be punished for contempt. There  is  no  separate  record  of  contempt  pro- ceedings. Normally, a contempt poceedings is a part of the record of trial. If the court desires, however, the   record   of   contempt   proceedings   may   be transcribed separately so that it may be sent to the CA immediately for his or her action. Whether this is done or whether it is transcribed in the record of trial is  a  matter  within  the  discretion  of  the  ruling  officer. See figure 3-3 for the recommended format to use in recording  contempt  proceedings. There is no appeal or review of contempt action other  than  an  automatic  review  by  the  CA.  If,  on review, the CA is satisfied that a contempt occurred and that the punishment adjudged is appropriate, the CA may order the punishment executed. The CA may (1)  require  the  offender  to  serve  any  confinement adjudged pending formal review of the proceedings, 3-18

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