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Page Title: Depositions
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herself.  The  SCM  authenticates  each  copy  of  the record by signing them. If   the   sentence   ordered   executed   includes confinement   on   bread   and   water   or   diminished rations,  the  medical  certificate  is  attached  to  the original copy of the record of trial. DISTRIBUTION The SCM will cause a copy of the record of trial to   be   served   on   the   accused   as   soon   as   it   is authenticated.  The  SCM  also  causes  the  accused’s receipt  for  the  copy  of  the  record  of  trial  to  be obtained and attaches to the original record of trial or attaches to the original record of trial a certificate that the accused was served with a copy of the record. If the  record  of  trial  was  not  served  on  the  accused personally,  the  SCM  attaches  a  statement  explaining how and when such service was accomplished. If the accused was represented by counsel, that counsel may be served with the record of trial. FORWARDING may be taken by agreement of the parties without necessity of an order. A   deposition   may   be   taken   to   preserve   the testimony of a witness who is likely to be unavailable at the investigation or at the time of trial. Part or all of a  deposition  may  be  used  on  the  merits  or  on  an interlocutory question as substantive evidence if the witness  is  unavailable.  A  deposition  may  be  admitted in a capital case only upon offer by the defense. In any case, a deposition may be used by any party for the   purpose   of   contradicting   or   impeaching   the testimony of the deponent as a witness. If only a part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, an adverse party may require the proponent to offer all that is relevant to the part offered, and any party may offer other parts. A  deposition  that  is  transcribed  is  ordinarily  read to  the  court-martial  by  the  party  offering  it.  The transcript of a deposition may not be inspected by the members. Objections may be made to testimony in a written deposition in the same way that they would be if the testimony were offered through the personal appearance of a witness. The original and one copy of the record of trial are sent to the CA for action. TYPES OF DEPOSITIONS DEPOSITIONS A  deposition  may  be  ordered  whenever,  after preferral  of  charges,  due  to  exceptional  circumstances of  the  case,  it  is  in  the  interest  of  justice  that  the testimony  of  a  prospective  witness  be  taken  and preserved for use at an Article 32 investigation or a court-martial. A  CA  who  has  the  charges  for disposition or, after referral, the CA or the military judge may order that a deposition be taken on request of a party. A  deposition  is  the  out-of-court  testimony  of  a witness under oath in response to questions by the parties  that  is  reduced  to  writing  or  recorded  on videotape   or   audiotape   or   similar   material.   A deposition  taken  on  oral  examination  is  an  oral deposition,   and  a  deposition  taken  on  written interrogatories   is   a   written   deposition. Written interrogatories  are  questions,  prepared  by  the prosecution,  defense,  or  both,  that  are  reduced  to writing   before   submission   to   a   witness   whose testimony is to be taken by deposition. The answers, reduced to writing and properly sworn to, constitute the  deposition  testimony  of  the  witness.  A  deposition There are two types of depositions—written and oral. A written deposition consists of a document that sets forth a series of written questions prepared by counsel. These  are  called  interrogatories  and cross-interrogatories. The other part of the document consists of the answers of the deponent (the person who testifies) that were given orally in the presence of the  deposition  officer  and  sworn  to. A  written  deposition  may  be  used  against  an accused only when the accused is present at the taking of  the  deposition  or  when  the  accused  expressly waives   his   or   her   right   to   be   present.   The Interrogatories   and   Deposition,   DD   Form   456 (fig.  3-5),  illustrates  a  completed  written  deposition. An oral deposition consists of a document that sets  forth  questions  asked  personally  of  the  deponent by   counsel   and   the   deponent’s   answers.   This questions  and  answers  session  is  accomplished  in  the presence  of  the  deposition  officer,  counsel  for  the accused  and  the  government,  the  accused,  and  a reporter. 3-22

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