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5. If you are spotting rayon articles, never
treat them with organic solvents unless resistance
to the treatment is known by a preliminary test
on an unexposed portion of the garment.
6. When using chemical agents always allow
ample time for the agent to start to act on a spot
before trying to remove it.
7. When you use the spatula to help the
cleaning formula to penetrate the spot, be careful.
Rub the spatula back and forth across the spot
using short smooth strokes without applying too
much pressure. This will prevent damage to the
fabric.
8. Always use the proper spotting brush as
we discussed earlier. The spotting brush should
be used in the same manner as the spatula to
prevent damage to the fabric.
9. Avoid excessive friction when treating silk
or rayon fabrics. Where some friction is necessary,
it is recommended you use the wrong side of the
garment.
10. Do not use the spatula on silk or synthetic
fabrics. The pressure you can apply on it without
causing damage to the fabric will be insufficient
to do any good.
11. When you remove spots and stains from
delicate fabrics, you should place the stained
portion of the garment over a pad of clean cloth
or a white blotter and apply the cleaning solution
with a squeeze bottle, a medicine dropper, or a
cleaning sponge may also be used. Allow sufficient
time for the cleaning solution to penetrate, but
remove it as soon as possible to prevent damage.
12. All chemical agents used in spotting must
be rinsed from the fabric thoroughly before you
dry or press the fabric.
SPOTTING FORMULAS
Spotting agents are normally available in the
Ship’s Store Contract Bulletin. Ample supplies of
spotting agents should be obtained before your
ship deploys overseas or leaves port for an
extended period of time. The spotting formulas
listed in table 6-5 are the ones generally used for
removing spots and stains for the purpose
indicated. They are included in this chapter for
your information and should be used when
satisfactory commercial products are not
available. All ingredients of these formulas are
generally available aboard ship.
Table 6-5.—Spotting Formulas
Formula
Chemical Composition
When Used
General
Amyl acetate . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
Used with water to remove ink, tannin,
Formula . . . . . . . .
Glacial acetic
berry, lipstick, and dyestuff stains, or
acid 99% . . . . . . . . . . . . .
½ part
stains that contain dyestuff. Safe on
Lactic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
all fabrics when cold, but not on all
Oxalic acid crystals
dyestuffs.
(by weight) . . . . . . . . . . . ½ part
Synthetic
methanol . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
Paint
Chloropicrin . . . . . . . . . . . .
Good for removing all kinds of paint
remover . . . . . . . .
(Use as prescribed by
and similar substances.
the manufacturer)
Evaporates completely.
Prespotting
Ammonia (26%) . . . . . . . .
½ part
Used on paint, oil, tar, road oil, and
soap . . . . . . . . . . .
Hexalin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 parts
asphalt to prevent SETTING during
Oleic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 parts
the dry-cleaning process. Blood and
Water (distilled). . . . . . . . . 1½ parts
tannin stains should be removed by
(Can use plain water.)
water before you dry clean.
Wet spotters . . . . . . Acetone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
Wet and dry solvents are used to
Castile soap . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 parts
remove soil, paint oils, and greases.
Chloroform . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
For very severe stains, or large areas,
Ethyl acetate . . . . . . . . . . . 1 part
DO NOT USE wet spotters.
Synthetic
methanol . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 part
6-30
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