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Table 6-3.—Chemicals Used in Spotting
Name
Acetic acid,
28% . . . . . . . . . . .
Acetone . . . . . . . . . .
Ammonia . . . . . . . .
Amyl acetate . . . . .
Amyl alcohol . . . . .
Benzaldehyde . . . . .
Digestive
agents . . . . . . . . .
Hydrochloric
acid . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydrogen
peroxide
( 3 % ) . . . . . . .
Oxalic acid . . . . . . .
Potassium
iodide . . . . . . . . .
Characteristics
Clear, colorless liquid,
pungent odor
Colorless, volatile liquid
with agreeable odor;
flammable
C o l o r l e s s I i q u i d o f
water and dissolved
ammonia gas; evapo-
rates
Colorless liquid with
banana odor; flam-
mable
Clear, colorless liquid;
flammable
Colorless,
fragrant,
volatile liquid
White or yellow powder
Clear, colorless or slightly
yellow, pungent liquid
Clear, colorless liquid
Powder
White crystalline or
powdered substance
Uses
To neutralize alkalis;
to restore color; as
general spotting agent
Solvent for stains from
oils, resins, paints,
varnishes, and nail
polishes
To neutralize acids; to
restore color
Solvent for paint, lac-
quer, nail polish
Solvent for formalde-
hyde resins
Removes blacking, hair
dye, and some types
of shoe polish
Convert
albumins,
starches, and sugars
into simpler com-
pounds which can be
removed
Diluted, to remove dye
and ink stains, and
metallic soap stains
Spot bleaching; and small
areas, on spotting
board
Removes rust
R e m o v a l o f
silver
nitrate and other silver
stains
Precautions
Bleeds basic dyes.
Dissolves cellulose ace-
tate and some basic
dyes.
Bleeds acid dyes and
some direct dyes; at
full strength, yellows
white silk or wool.
C h e m i c a l l y p u r e i s
harmless; commercial
or technical grade
may damage cellulose
acetate.
Harmless to all fabrics;
bleeds some basic
dyes.
Affects cellulose acetate;
bleeds some basic dyes
Safe on all fabrics and
dyes unaffected by
water.
Concentrated, it injures
all fabrics and bleeds
basic dyes.
Safe in dilute form.
Poison.
Safe on all fabrics and
dyes. Should be rinsed
well
6-25
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