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Table  6-3.—Chemicals  Used  in  Spotting Name Acetic  acid, 28% . . . . . . . . . . . Acetone . . . . . . . . . . Ammonia . . . . . . . . Amyl acetate . . . . . Amyl alcohol . . . . . Benzaldehyde . . . . . Digestive agents . . . . . . . . . Hydrochloric acid . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrogen peroxide (  3  %  )  .  .  .  .  .  .  . Oxalic acid . . . . . . . Potassium iodide . . . . . . . . . Characteristics Clear,   colorless   liquid, pungent   odor Colorless,  volatile  liquid with   agreeable   odor; flammable C o l o r l e s s    I i q u i d    o f water  and  dissolved ammonia  gas;  evapo- rates Colorless   liquid   with banana   odor;   flam- mable Clear,   colorless   liquid; flammable Colorless, fragrant, volatile  liquid White  or  yellow  powder Clear,  colorless  or  slightly yellow,  pungent  liquid Clear,  colorless  liquid Powder White   crystalline   or powdered  substance Uses To   neutralize   alkalis; to  restore  color;  as general  spotting  agent Solvent   for   stains   from oils,  resins,  paints, varnishes,   and   nail polishes To   neutralize   acids;   to restore  color Solvent  for  paint,  lac- quer,  nail  polish Solvent  for  formalde- hyde resins Removes  blacking,  hair dye,   and   some   types of  shoe  polish Convert albumins, starches,   and   sugars into   simpler   com- pounds   which   can   be removed Diluted,  to  remove  dye and  ink  stains,  and metallic   soap   stains Spot bleaching; and small areas,   on   spotting board Removes rust R e m o v a l    o f silver nitrate and other silver stains Precautions Bleeds basic dyes. Dissolves  cellulose  ace- tate   and   some   basic dyes. Bleeds   acid   dyes   and some   direct   dyes;   at full   strength,   yellows white  silk  or  wool. C h e m i c a l l y    p u r e    i s harmless;  commercial or   technical   grade may  damage  cellulose acetate. Harmless  to  all  fabrics; bleeds   some   basic dyes. Affects  cellulose  acetate; bleeds some basic dyes Safe  on  all  fabrics  and dyes   unaffected   by water. Concentrated,   it   injures all  fabrics  and  bleeds basic  dyes. Safe  in  dilute  form. Poison. Safe  on  all  fabrics  and dyes. Should be rinsed well 6-25

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