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Page Title: Techniques of Motivation
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Values.  The   students’   values,   attitudes,   and   previous   experiences   affect   the   nature   and amount  of  what  they  learn.  The  motivation  you  use  must  fit  a  student’s  value  system.  Students have  more  interest  in  a  subject  that  deals  with  goals  they  see  as  important  in  their  lives.  For example,  a  lesson  on  the  flag  or  the  Code  of  Conduct  would  probably  motivate  a  student  who values   patriotism. Attitudes.  Attitudes  consist  of  feelings  for  or  against  people,  objects,  or  ideas.  Showing  a positive  attitude  about  the  subject  you  present  can  cause  the  student  to  want  to  learn.  Students have  more  desire  to  learn  when  instructors  show  an  interest  in  what  they  teach. Incentives.  Incentives  or  rewards  can  stimulate  motivation.  Incentives  such  as  good  grades, awards,   or   selection   as   a   distinguished   graduate   motivate   students   who   want   to   achieve. Achievement.  Achievement   is   a   strong   desire,   a   longing,   an   aim,   a   goal,   or   a   desired objective.  To  make  an  effort  to  succeed,  students  must  have  a  need  to  achieve  at  a  certain  level. TECHNIQUES   OF   MOTIVATION Although  motivation  is  one  of  the  prime  tasks  of  instructing,  it  is  both  the  student’s  and  the instructor’s   responsibility.   The   lesson   subject,   the   classroom   atmosphere,   the   competence   of   the instructor,  and  the  personality  of  the  instructor  and  the  student  all  affect  a  student’s  motivation. The   following   techniques   will   assist   you   in   developing   motivational   strategies   to   use   when instructing. Make   the   subject   matter   interesting. Plan  motivational  strategies  to  keep  the  lesson interesting.  A  dull  presentation  causes  students  to  become  bored,  restless,  and  uninvolved.  A lack  of  response  from  the  students  will  affect  the  quality  of  your  instruction.  As  a  result,  you may  lose  confidence  and  enthusiasm,  which,  in  turn,  will  have  a  negative  effect  on  student motivation.  To  promote  interest,  use  a  variety  of  materials  while  instructing. Establish   goals.   The  goals  of  instruction  come  directly  from  the  learning  objectives.  Ensure that   you   present   the   objectives   for   each   block   of   instruction   so   that   students   will   understand exactly  what  they  are  expected  to  be  able  to  do  as  a  result  of  training. Provide   informative   feedback.   Students  need  feedback  when  they  are  trying  to  meet  goals. You   can   give   either   oral   or   written   feedback,   but   be   sure   you   give   recognition   for   proper student  behavior  and  achievements.  Also  be  sure  to  point  out  student  errors  and  how  to  correct them.   Recognizing   good   performance   and   pointing   out   areas   that   need   improvement   contribute to  effective  learning. Show   interest   in   your   students.   Give  students  detailed  feedback  when  they  respond  to  a question   or   perform   some   task   related   to   instructional   objectives.   Feedback   may   make   the difference   between   a   student’s   feelings   of   success   or   Failure.   Always   comment   favorably   on successful  performance. Encourage   participation.   You  should  be  open  to  student  contributions  and  points  of  view. Students   bring   many   different   experiences   to   the   learning   environment.   Use   these   experiences to   stimulate   interest   and   add   variety   to   learning. 17

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