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Page Title: Model Anser or Grading Criteria
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n   Discussion   of   primary,   alternate,   or   emergency   procedures. n  Explanation  or  definition  of  tasks. n  Observation  from  illustration  or  operation. n   Evaluation   of   the   appropriateness   of   a   procedure   or   technique. Model   Answer   or   Grading   Criteria The   essay   test   item   must   also   contain   a   model   answer   you   will   use   to   grade   the   question. Observe  the  following  guidelines  in  developing  a  model  answer: 9    Make  sure  the  grading  criteria  identifies  all  of  the  essential  information  a  knowledgeable student   should   be   able   to   supply. n    Make  sure  it  promotes  objective  scoring  of  the  test  item  by  establishing  a  standard  answer from  which  to  judge  all  others. n    Make  sure  it  identifies  how  much  each  item  or  part  of  an  item  is  worth. Validation   Of   Test   Items Once  you  have  constructed  the  test  items,  and  before  you  actually  assemble  the  test,  validate the  content  of  the  items.  Make  sure  they  are  technically  and  grammatically  accurate,  that  they measure   the   objective,   and   that   the   items   adhere   to   the   guidelines   presented   in   the   preceding paragraphs.  Have  technically  qualified  SMEs  perform  the  validation  process.  The  individuals validating   the   test   item   should   answer   the   following   questions: n  Is  the  item  technically  accurate  and  is  the  correct  response  keyed? n  Is  the  item  written  to  measure  the  objective? n  Does  the  item  measure  a  knowledge  critical  to  the  task  associated  with  the  objective? n  Is  the  item  written  to  the  appropriate  learning  level? n   If   recognition,   recall,   or   comprehension   of   the   knowledge   being   tested   is   required   for competent  performance  on  the  job,  is  the  item  a  closed-book  item? n   If   the   knowledge   being   tested   is   normally   looked   up   during   performance   of   on-the-job task(s),   is   the   item   an   open-book   item   and   is   the   essential   reference   material   supplied? n   Are   all   words   spelled   correctly?   Is   the   grammar   correct? n   Does   the   item   meet   format   construction   guidelines? If  the  answer  to  any  of  the  preceding  validation  criteria  is  NO,  correct  the  discrepancy  and revalidate  the  test  item.  If  the  item  meets  the  validation  criteria,  then  it  should  be  approved  for use. Test  Item  Analysis After  the  test  items  have  been  reviewed  for  content  validity  and  administered  to  the  students, statistics  will  be  kept  by  the  course  personnel  to  complete  the  validation  process.  These  statistics include  discrimination;  difficulty;  and  for  multiple  choice  items,  effectiveness  of  alternatives. 83

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