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APPENDIX II
GLOSSARY OF WORDS AND PHRASES
The following words and phrases are those most frequently encountered in
military justice that have special connotations in military law. The list is by no means
complete. It is designed solely as a ready reference for the meaning of certain words
and phrases. Where it has been necessary to explain a word or phrase in the language
of or in relation to a rule of law, no attempt has been made to set forth a definitive
or comprehensive statement of such rule of law.
ABANDONED PROPERTY—Property to which the
owner has relinquished all rights, title, claims, and
possession with intention of not reclaiming it or
resuming ownership, possession, or enjoyment.
ABET—To encourage, incite, or set another on to
commit a crime, Article 77, UCMJ.
ACCESSORY AFTER THE FACT—Any person
subject to the Code who, knowing that an offense
punishable by the Code has been committed,
receives, comforts, or assists the offender in order
to hinder or prevent the offender’s apprehension,
trial or punishment.
NOTE: Article 78, UCMJ,
deals with accessories.
ACCESSORY BEFORE THE FACT—One who
counsels, commands, procures, or causes another to
commit an offense-whether present or absent at
the commission of the offense. NOTE: Under
Article 77, UCMJ, an accessory before the fact is a
principal.
ACCUSATION—A formal charge against a person, to
the effect that the person is guilty of a punishable
offense, laid before a court having jurisdiction to
inquire into the alleged crime.
ACCUSED—One who is charged with an offense
under the Code.
ACCUSER—Any person who signs and swears to
charges; any person who directs that charges
normally be signed and sworn to by another; and
any other person who has an interest other than an
official interest in the prosecution of the accused.
ACQUITTAL—The legal and formal certification of
the innocence of a person who has been charged
with a crime; a deliverance or setting free a person
from a charge of guilt.
ACTIVE DUTY—The status of being in the active
federal service of any of the armed forces under a
competent appointment or enlistment or pursuant to
a competent muster, order, call, or induction.
ACTUAL KNOWLEDGE—A state wherein the
person in fact knows of the existence of an order,
regulation, fact, and so forth, in question.
ADDITIONAL CHARGES—New and separate
charges preferred after others have been preferred
against the accused while the original charges are
still pending.
AD HOC—For this; for this special purpose.
AD INTERIM—In the meantime. An officer “ad
interim” is one appointed to fill a temporary
vacancy.
ADJOURNMENT—The putting off or postponing of
a trial until a stated time or indefinitely; a cessation
of the proceedings for a period extending beyond
the same day.
ADJUDICATE—To determine whether a claim is
proper and decide what amount, if any, should be
paid the claimant.
ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD—A board appointed to
render findings based on facts pertaining, or
believed to pertain, in a case and to recommend
retention, separation, or suspension of separation,
and the reason for separation and the
characterization of service or description of
separation.
ADMINISTRATIVE SEPARATION—A discharge
or release from active duty upon expiration of
enlistment or required period of service, or before,
by administrative means and not by a court-martial.
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